The storage effect of fruits and vegetables is not only related to post-harvest storage technology, but also has great relationship with pre-harvest fertilization. Soil and fertilization conditions determine the structure and flavor quality of fruits and vegetables, which have an important impact on the storage life of fruits and vegetables. Nitrogen fertilizer and storage. When the fruit with excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the respiratory intensity will increase, the material consumption will increase, and the hardness and sugar and acid content of the fruit will decrease rapidly during storage. It is generally considered that the application of nitrogen fertilizer is not excessive, and although the yield is lower than that of nitrogen fertilizer, it can ensure the color and hardness of the fruit, reduce the loss of decay and physiological diseases, improve the quality and grade of the fruit, and thus improve the fruit. The rate of merchandise will be higher and the economic benefits will be higher. Experiments show that the application of nitrate nitrogen is better than that of ammonium nitrogen, but both types of nitrogen decrease the storage capacity with the increase of application rate. After the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the preservation ability of the fertilizer is greatly improved. . The application of nitrogen fertilizer has a great relationship with the storage of fruit. The application of nitrogen fertilizer in the fruit ripening period reduces the mineral and organic acid content of the fruit, and the storage capacity is also poor. In vegetable cultivation, the application of nitrogen fertilizer is too much. The nitrate content is increased, and the nitrate conversion is more in the storage, and the shelf life is shorter at normal temperature.
The effect of phosphorus. When the soil is deficient in phosphorus and the application of phosphate fertilizer is insufficient, the color of the fruit is not bright, the flesh is green, and the sugar content is low. It is prone to physiological diseases such as browning and rotten heart during storage. When the amount of phosphorus applied is low, the incidence of apple bitter rot with low phosphorus application is high when nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are added. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, combined with rational application of nitrogen fertilizer, can not only ensure fruit yield and quality, but also have a positive effect on reducing storage diseases.
Calcium and magnesium have an effect on the storage properties of fruits and vegetables. Insufficient calcium and magnesium fertilizers affect the hardness of fruits and vegetables, especially calcium has a greater impact on storage physiological diseases. Iron and calcium are one of the important reasons leading to litchi fruit cracking. It is reported that bitter pox disease occurs during storage of calcium deficiency in soil (1) The fruit of the apple storage disease was 89%, and the incidence of complete fertilizer application was only 4.3%.
In addition, the lack of certain trace elements in the soil such as zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, etc., will affect the growth and development of fruit trees and vegetables, and ultimately affect the quality and storage life of fruits and vegetables.
The effect of phosphorus. When the soil is deficient in phosphorus and the application of phosphate fertilizer is insufficient, the color of the fruit is not bright, the flesh is green, and the sugar content is low. It is prone to physiological diseases such as browning and rotten heart during storage. When the amount of phosphorus applied is low, the incidence of apple bitter rot with low phosphorus application is high when nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are added. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, combined with rational application of nitrogen fertilizer, can not only ensure fruit yield and quality, but also have a positive effect on reducing storage diseases.
Calcium and magnesium have an effect on the storage properties of fruits and vegetables. Insufficient calcium and magnesium fertilizers affect the hardness of fruits and vegetables, especially calcium has a greater impact on storage physiological diseases. Iron and calcium are one of the important reasons leading to litchi fruit cracking. It is reported that bitter pox disease occurs during storage of calcium deficiency in soil (1) The fruit of the apple storage disease was 89%, and the incidence of complete fertilizer application was only 4.3%.
In addition, the lack of certain trace elements in the soil such as zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, etc., will affect the growth and development of fruit trees and vegetables, and ultimately affect the quality and storage life of fruits and vegetables.
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