Insect fungi make the largest group of entomopathogenic microorganisms and an important factor in controlling the population of insects in nature. According to field investigations, winter insects have found that about 60% of insect diseases are caused by fungi. As an important group of microbial insecticides, fungal insecticides are used as substitutes for chemical pesticides because of their compatibility with the environment, easy industrial production, natural diffusion and continuous control of pests. Industry concerns.
At present, there are more than 50 kinds of fungal insecticides registered in foreign countries, of which Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium account for more than half, and the number of countries produced is 14. There are more than 140 fungal pesticide products registered or marketed in 14 countries around the world. From the registration of fungal insecticides, there are at least 11 entomopathogenic fungi, including Verticillium lecanii, Metarhizium anisopliae, Metarhizium anisopliae, Metarhizium anisopliae, Thompson sphaeroides, New aphids Mycelium, Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria bassiana, and Nomura's wild mushroom, Paecilomyces fuliginea and large chain fungus. At the same time, the goal of fungal pesticide control is more clear. Among the more than 140 registered products, there are about 30 main target pests, among which many products have only one target host. For example, BioSave in the United States only controls house flies, Boverin only controls potato leaf beet, and Biocontrol in Brazil only controls sugar cane. Mo Yan. Most products are labeled with no more than three types of control objects.
In China, the research and development of fungal preparations has been more than 30 years old. Although fungal insecticides are used frequently, have a large application area, and have achieved good control effects, the registration of fungal pesticide products has only been led by a few fungal biopesticide companies in recent years. Breakthrough.
As of December 2011, there are only five species of entomogenous fungi registered in China. Among them, Beauveria bassiana products are mainly used to control pests such as Monochamus alternatus, P. chinensis, P. americana and Plutonium, and Metarhizium Controlling aphids and mites, Verticillium grisea and Paecilomyces lilacin are mainly used for controlling root-knot nematodes, which are used to control aphids. In view of this, it is necessary to carry out large-scale screening of fungal insecticides in the future, and develop a series of products to extract the diversity of fungal insecticides and to control the diversity of hosts, so as to meet the market and fungal insecticides. The needs of the development of the agent industry.
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