As the area of ​​potato cultivation continues to expand, scab has become a major disease in potato cultivation. The potato with scab disease is not resistant to storage, the appearance is ugly, and the quality of the potato is greatly affected. Generally, the yield can be reduced by 10%-30%, and some plots can even reduce production by more than 40%, and the economic loss is serious. How to prevent it?
Pathology
Potato scabies generally occur on alkaline soils. Sandy loam, especially for plots with continuous cropping for more than 4 years, is particularly serious. Most of the potato scab resistance is sprayed with agricultural streptomycin, neomycin, spring leimycin, and killable (copper hydroxide). These agents have a certain killing effect on the pathogen, but from the control effect not ideal.
Prevention and control of
In recent years, through field trials, the method of deep-turning land in winter has been adopted, and good preventive effects have been achieved. The pathogen of potato scab is called Streptomyces scab, which is an actinomycete that stames in the soil or overwinters on diseased potatoes. The temperature suitable for the occurrence of the disease is 25 ° C - 30 ° C. Take the method of deep-turning the soil in winter to destroy the environment where the germs breed.
Measures
Grasp the current idle time of the winter soil, use the deep plough to deepen the soil, the best arable land depth is 35-40 cm, do not flatten after deep turning, let the soil for long-term bare exposure, so after a period of time, basically Kill the bacteria in the soil. One-time rotary tillage was carried out 10 days before planting. In addition, it can be combined with 50 kg of gypsum powder per acre in winter, and the soil is improved and the soil pH is adjusted. It is suitable for saline-alkali land and red land.
In addition, when selecting potato varieties, disease-free seed potatoes should also be used, and should not be transferred from the ward. Soak for 40 minutes with 40% formalin 120 times before sowing. Pay attention to applying organic fertilizer or green manure on fertilization, and be careful not to use unfertilized human and feces. The plots for planting potatoes should be planted in well-preserved vegetable plots. When the potato is in drought, it should be watered in time to achieve dry irrigation and sputum discharge. As long as the above points are achieved, the occurrence of scab disease can be reduced.
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