Sunlight not only acts on surface organisms to produce classic photosynthesis, but also acts on surface minerals to produce non-classical “mineral photosynthesisâ€. Recently, the Lu Anhuai team at the School of Earth and Space Sciences at Peking University revealed the solar energy conversion system of inorganic minerals in nature. The research results were published online in the Proceedings of the American Academy of Sciences on April 22.
On the earth ’s land, organic organisms and inorganic minerals are exposed to sunlight. For billions of years, organic organisms have converted solar energy into biochemical energy through photosynthesis. So, are natural minerals widely distributed on the earth's surface "indifferent" to solar energy?
Lu Anhuai's team conducted in-depth systematic observation and analysis of rock / soil samples in typical landforms such as Gobi, desert, karst and red soil in northern China, and found that the surface of rock / soil particles exposed directly to the sun was generally covered by a layer of iron and manganese. (Hydroxy) oxide "mineral coating" (mineral coating) covered. The thickness of the "mineral film" varies from tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers, and its structural structure and chemical composition are significantly different from the coated rock or soil, and it is rich in natural semiconductor minerals such as bimanganite, goethite, hematite, etc. . Moreover, the output characteristics and development status of "mineral film" are closely related to sunshine.
It is found through research that these "mineral films" have obvious visible light photoelectric response and stable and sensitive photoelectric conversion capability. In other words, the inorganic minerals on the earth's land are also an important class of materials that absorb and transform sunlight energy. Moreover, the "mineral membrane" also has a lamellar spatial structure, which is similar to the configuration of the lamellar thallus structure of plant chloroplasts.
The team thus proposed that the “mineral film†of iron-manganese oxide on the surface of the earth under sunlight is the most widely distributed “new circle†of solar thin films on the earth, which carries the absorption and conversion of solar energy and drives the circulation of geochemical elements, the evolution of the earth ’s material Important functions such as the evolution of the earth ’s environment.
Researcher Lin Rongcheng, director of the Key Laboratory of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that this discovery greatly expands our understanding of solar energy utilization in nature, that is, natural inorganic minerals also have solar energy conversion and utilization systems equivalent to organic photosynthesis. At the same time, it also provides a new perspective for the research on the origin of photosynthesis system and artificial photosynthesis. (Reporter Zhang Gailun)
Storz Couplings have the same head structure, not distinguish male and female threads. When assembly, heads with the same lug distance can be buckled together, which is convenient and fast. They can be applied in connecting firefighting hose, PVC pipe and other low pressure pipes.
Many countries use storz couplings, include China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Germany, Serbia etc.
As per different material, include brass storz couplings and Aluminum stroz couplings.
As per different tail, include long-tail stroz coupling and short-tail stroz couplings.
Storz Couplings
Storz Couplings,Aluminium Storz Coupling,Fire Fighting Storz Coupling,Storz Fire Hose Couplings
NANTONG SENTIAN FIRE-FIGHTING EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD. , https://www.firehosefactory.com