According to British media reports on September 25, last September, scientists carried some of the tested Salmonella into space on the Space Shuttle Atlantis. After lifting off, the astronauts put the bacteria stored in the sealed container into the incubation chamber by hand cranking and activate it. After 12 days of orbiting the Earth, they returned to the ground with the space shuttle.
However, the bacteria returned from these "space tours" are no longer the same. Scientists at the Arizona State University Biodesign Institute compared the toxicity of Salmonella grown in the ground environment and found that the former was almost three times more lethal to mice.
As one of the most common intestinal pathogens, Salmonella is highly susceptible to food poisoning. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea and stomach pain. If the infected person has low immunity, there is a fatal danger. There is no vaccine against this bacteria. Astronauts have reduced immunity in space than in the global environment, so Salmonella is considered a potential threat to the health of astronauts.
Found a "toxic valve" in bacteria
Although the results of this trial are very worrying, it is fortunate that the researchers also found the "source of strength" of Salmonella - Hfq gene regulatory protein. It is according to the "command" of this protein that 167 genes of Salmonella have changed their programs in space, making them more toxic.
The report, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, points out that the microgravity environment of space has an effect on the fluids inside the Hfq protein molecules, giving them different instructions for genes. The results of this research will help deepen the understanding of infectious bacteria and promote the development of new antibiotics.
Professor Nicholson of Arizona State University, who led the research, said: "We need to conduct more experiments to verify this conclusion. Other bacteria may have similar reactions in the space environment." It is reported that the research team plans to be next year. Bacterial tests were conducted on the same subject on the space shuttle that was launched.
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