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Rare earth oxides have a wide range of important applications in fields such as catalysis, fluorescent probes, medical devices, energy storage, and water treatment. Morphology has a crucial influence on the properties of rare earth oxides. Solvothermal is a very important method for the synthesis of nanostructure rare earth oxides. Amphiphilic block copolymers are widely used as template molecules to regulate the transition metal oxide self-assembly process. And the final structure.
However, at present, amphiphilic block copolymers are rarely used as template molecules to control the nucleation and morphology of transition metal oxides under solvothermal conditions. The solvothermal conditions of the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers and their regularity are rarely studied.
The Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences uses an ionic amphiphilic block-copolymer PS-b-PMAA composed of polystyrene and polymethacrylic acid as a template molecule to enhance the block copolymerization by introducing carboxyl functional groups. Interactions with rare earth oxide precursors, combined with solvothermal reactions, synthesize Eu2O3 multilayered nanomaterials (Figure 1).
It was found that the morphology of Eu2O3 can be effectively controlled by simply changing the mass ratio of the inferior solvent H2O and the cosolvent DMF in the reaction system. When the H 2 O/DMF mass ratio gradually increases from 0 to 0.2, the morphology of the microspheres assembled from worm-like nanoparticles, nanoparticle mesoporous microspheres, stacked sheet-like structures, and finally to sheet-like structures is observed. Evolution (Figure 2).
The further study found that the morphology evolution is caused by the increase of the poor solvent quality in the solution and the microphase separation, self-assembly process of PS-b-PMAA, and the hydrolysis-condensation process under solvothermal conditions. On this basis, a preliminary study was performed on the relationship between morphology and fluorescence properties of Eu2O3. Research on other related properties is also in progress. The relevant research results were published in the Journal of Materials Chemistry A (J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 5789–5793).
The study was conducted by the Ningbo Materials Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, the Max Planck Institute for Polymers in Germany, the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and Tianjin University of Technology. This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation and other projects.
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