Fuel cells are very complex, involving theories of chemical thermodynamics, electrochemistry, electrocatalysis, materials science, power systems and automatic control, with the advantages of high power generation efficiency and less environmental pollution. In general, fuel cells have the following characteristics:
(1) High energy conversion efficiency He directly converts the chemical energy of the fuel into electric energy without passing through the combustion process, and thus is not limited by the Carnot cycle. At present, the fuel-electric energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell systems is between 45% and 60%, while the efficiency of thermal power generation and nuclear power is about 30% to 40%.
(2) Harmful gases SOx, NOx and noise emissions are low. CO2 emissions are greatly reduced due to high energy conversion efficiency, and there is no mechanical vibration.
(3) Wide range of fuels: Fuel cells can be used for large-scale power stations in cities, as well as hospitals, shops, collective dormitories, small power generation units in remote mountainous areas, and power systems for daily and national defense for mobile machinery. The development of fuel cells will have a major social and economic significance in the future.
(4) The building block is strong and the installation location is flexible. The fuel cell power station has a small footprint and a short construction period. The power of the power station can be assembled by the battery stack as needed, which is very convenient. Whether the fuel cell is used as a centralized power station or distributed power, or as an independent power station for residential buildings, factories, and large buildings.
(5) Fast load response, high operating quality The fuel cell can be converted from ** power to rated power in a few seconds, and the power plant can be close to the load, thus improving the regional frequency fuel cell principle rate shift and voltage fluctuation. The existing substation equipment and current carrier capacity are reduced, and the transmission line investment and line loss are reduced.
(6) Environmental protection: The pollutants released by the fuel cell system are reduced by several orders of magnitude compared with direct combustion, which can effectively protect the environment.
(7) Module design, compact structure: The equipment can be modularized, the size is flexible, and the power generation is easy to adjust.
(8) Position flexibility: The fuel cell is an independent power generation system. Since there are no moving parts, it can be free from noise pollution, can be conveniently used, and can be placed at will, without being restricted by the surrounding environment.
(9) A variety of fuels can be used: high-temperature operation type fuel cells do not require an external reduction system, and are more advantageous in this respect.
(1) High energy conversion efficiency He directly converts the chemical energy of the fuel into electric energy without passing through the combustion process, and thus is not limited by the Carnot cycle. At present, the fuel-electric energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell systems is between 45% and 60%, while the efficiency of thermal power generation and nuclear power is about 30% to 40%.
(2) Harmful gases SOx, NOx and noise emissions are low. CO2 emissions are greatly reduced due to high energy conversion efficiency, and there is no mechanical vibration.
(3) Wide range of fuels: Fuel cells can be used for large-scale power stations in cities, as well as hospitals, shops, collective dormitories, small power generation units in remote mountainous areas, and power systems for daily and national defense for mobile machinery. The development of fuel cells will have a major social and economic significance in the future.
(4) The building block is strong and the installation location is flexible. The fuel cell power station has a small footprint and a short construction period. The power of the power station can be assembled by the battery stack as needed, which is very convenient. Whether the fuel cell is used as a centralized power station or distributed power, or as an independent power station for residential buildings, factories, and large buildings.
(5) Fast load response, high operating quality The fuel cell can be converted from ** power to rated power in a few seconds, and the power plant can be close to the load, thus improving the regional frequency fuel cell principle rate shift and voltage fluctuation. The existing substation equipment and current carrier capacity are reduced, and the transmission line investment and line loss are reduced.
(6) Environmental protection: The pollutants released by the fuel cell system are reduced by several orders of magnitude compared with direct combustion, which can effectively protect the environment.
(7) Module design, compact structure: The equipment can be modularized, the size is flexible, and the power generation is easy to adjust.
(8) Position flexibility: The fuel cell is an independent power generation system. Since there are no moving parts, it can be free from noise pollution, can be conveniently used, and can be placed at will, without being restricted by the surrounding environment.
(9) A variety of fuels can be used: high-temperature operation type fuel cells do not require an external reduction system, and are more advantageous in this respect.
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