A friend who is familiar with the globe valve may be familiar with the design of the globe valve, so let's discuss his design together! Below we take the J41H manual flange stop valve as an example to discuss the design of the manual stop valve.
The shutoff valve body is the primary pressure bearing component of the valve and houses the closure element. The flow passages in the shut-off valve are designed to have a smooth arc inner wall without sharp corners and sharp edges, which provides a smooth process flow without abnormal turbulence and noise. The flow channel itself must have a constant area to avoid any additional pressure loss and excessive flow rates. The shut-off valve has a wide two end connections, so the valve body can be used for almost every type of end connection, although the face-to-face dimensions are too long to accommodate the flangeless structure (bolt the valve between the two line flanges) Body, which is common in rotary valves). For a shut-off valve, mismatched end connections are also possible.
The spool of the shut-off valve is a closing element that is larger than the exact position (because the throttle valve is larger than the position that is just open or closed, but the spool is the adjusting element), he changes the flow rate according to the flow characteristics and the position of the valve. . A typical spool consists of two key parts: the spool, which is the male part of the adjustment element, and the seat ring, which is the female part. The portion of the spool that is inserted into the seat ring is called the plug head, and the portion that protrudes through the top of the shutoff valve is called the spool. A button is placed on the top of the valve stem to match the first wheel mechanism.
The main advantage of the monotonic spool is its possibility of tight shut-off (in some cases, 0.01% better than the maximum flow of the valve). This situation is caused by the force of the manual manipulator acting directly on the surface of the support.
In the manual shut-off valve, there are two sizes of spools: the full spool, which is the most commonly used and relates to the area of ​​the seat ring, which can pass the maximum flow in the special size of the shut-off valve. On the other hand, when it is desired to throttle the valve to a lesser rated flow than the size of the valve, a reduced diameter spool is used. If a full spool is used, the seat throttle must be closed in small increments, but this is difficult to obtain with a hand manipulator. The preferred method is to use a small seat diameter and a matching cock, which is called a reduced diameter spool.
The bonnet is an important component of the top workpiece and serves as a pressure-bearing part that provides a cap or cover for the valve body. Once it is mounted on the valve body, it is sealed by the bonnet or the gasket of the valve body. He also seals the valve plug with a packing box that includes a series of packing rings, glands or guide covers. Packing spacers and anti-extrusion rings to prevent small leakage of process media into the atmosphere. Mounted above the packing box is a gland flange that is bolted to the top of the bonnet. When the gland flange bolts are tightened, the packing is compressed and the stem and bonnet holes are sealed.
Keeping the plug head centered on the seat ring is important for tight shut-off. To maintain this alignment, one of two guiding mechanisms can be used: a double top stem guide or a seat guide. The double top stem guide uses two closure fittings to guide the ends of the stuffing box to maintain the hair style and the seat ring concentric. These guides can be made entirely of metal compatible with the plug to avoid metal scratches, as well as elastomers or graphite bushings. The structure of the two guides should be as far as possible to avoid lateral movement caused by the process fluid acting on the valve plug. The guide, bonnet hole, and actuator stem must remain within the tolerances of closing to maintain a fit that will result in a smooth linear motion without unconstrained and spilled liquid.
Another type of guide for a conventional manual shut-off valve is a valve seat guide structure. Here the spool is supported by an upper guide (it acts like a packing gland). The outer diameter of the extension of the spool head serves as a second guide surface for guiding the valve seat. This means that the lower guide surface remains within the flow layer, so the process media is relatively clean. The lower portion of the spool head has an opening that moves the flow through the spool head to the valve seat during opening of the valve seat. Changing the size and shape of these openings affects the reduced flow and flow characteristics. Since the length between the upper and lower guides is at the maximum length, the lateral cock movement due to the process stream is not a problem, and the tolerances required for this type of guide are not like the double top stem guide The device is as strict as it is. This configuration reduces the chance of any vibration of the spool in operation. When the valve plug and the valve seat are made of the same material, metal surface wear may occur during long-term or frequent operation. High temperatures can cause thermal expansion and stress.
The metal seat surface of the spool is designed to match the metal seat surface of the seat ring, but the contact angle is slightly different. Under normal conditions, the spool has a larger angle than the seat ring taper. This annular mismatch ensures a narrow point of contact where the axial force of the entire operator is only transmitted to a small portion of the valve seat, thus providing the most tight closure of metal-to-metal contact. In most configurations, the seat ring of the manual shut-off valve is threaded into the valve body. It is also required to rotate the seat ring with a tool in a limited space. There are also some disadvantages for threaded seats: first, in corrosive or harsh conditions, the threads are corroded, making disassembly difficult. Second, when alignment between the valve plug and the seat is required, Additional grinding.
Steps to get the required valve closed. Third, in the presence of vibration, the seat ring cannot be held by the cock at the closed position because the seat ring may eventually become loose and leak through the seat gasket or misalignment of the seat surface.
Some shut-off valves require a tightly closed bubble, which is not possible with metal-to-metal seals. To accomplish this, an elastomer can be embedded in the seat ring. In this case, the seat ring is a two-part structure in which an elastomer is embedded between the two halves. The surface of the metal cock is pressed against the surface of the soft seat of the seat ring. If the surface of the valve plug and the seat ring are concentric, a double tight closure can be obtained. Some manufacturers have also achieved the same effect by embedding elastomers in the spool.
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Label: Shanghai Tai analysis manual stop valve design
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