1 selective stem and leaf treatment agent
(1) Advantages of penoxsulam: It is very safe and can be used in rice fields of various cultivation methods such as nursery fields, and can be used in japonica rice and japonica rice varieties in various cultivated rice regions throughout the country, and also in most growth stages of rice. Can be used. The dosage range is wide, and the dosage of 33-100 ml per acre is safe for rice, based on 2.5% dispersible oil suspension. In addition, the drug has a prominent effect on killing valerian, and is recommended as the first drug for killing. It is also effective for many annual broadleaf grasses and some sedges. It has good compatibility and can be compounded with various agents. The introduction of rice hi and rice pupa, which is compounded with cyhalofoprin and butachlor, is well received by the market. The shortcoming is that the action site is single. The Hunan and Ningxia Yellow River rice areas are suspected to have resistance and are on the rise, and are ineffective for thousands of gold. In view of the outstanding advantages of the product and the expiration of the patent, the application for registration has blossomed everywhere. What is particularly worrying and worrying is that the patent period has not yet passed. The drug has shown resistance to rice and market chaos. If it is not well managed and improperly applied, it will soon go into recession.
(2) Advantages of cyhalofop-butyl ester: It has special effects on the weeds of thousands of gold, and has certain control effect on valerian; it is extremely safe, and it is used in rice fields of various cultivation methods throughout the country. They are safe and can be compounded with a variety of agents. Up to now, aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid has been used as the safest herbicide variety in rice fields. The inadequacy is that it can be antagonized by mixing with hormonal agents such as 2, 4, and 4 chlorine. It is not recommended to be mixed with paclobutrazol biomodulator. In recent years, the control effect has shown a downward trend. It has been increased from 40 ml to 60-80 ml from the initial mu, and over 100 ml in some areas. In the face of the upward spread of thousands of gold weeds, the dosage of the drug has increased over a period of time.
(3) Advantages of bispyribyl ether: high activity, wide herbicidal spectrum, good herbicidal effect; prevention of rice Lishihe, some enterprises plus safeners, is currently the best pharmacy, also for double-eared gar and older sedge Very good control. It can also prevent a variety of weeds and other grass weeds, and also has good control effect on some hard-to-treat grasses such as broadleaf grasses and sedges. It is suitable for rice fields with several different cultivation methods. The shortcomings are poor control effect on Qianjin and poor resistance to japonica rice and japonica rice. There have been reports of related phytotoxicity, and it is not safe to use drugs below 15 °C. Currently, it is mainly used in southern rice areas. It is necessary to improve the spraying technique, control the dosage and prohibit high-concentration spraying or re-injection. In view of the rising trend of rice lyophile and refractory valerian and the high activity of this agent, but there are certain risks, it is expected to rely mainly on the amount of compound preparation.
(4) The advantages of oxazolamide: high activity, good herbicidal effect, can prevent a variety of refractory grass weeds in rice fields, such as valerian, Qianjin, etc., especially for the crabgrass, goosegrass It has outstanding control effect and is better than any other medicine. It can be used in several rice fields with different cultivation methods. The shortcomings are ineffective for sedge, the compounding agent is limited, and there is data indicating that it can only be compounded with bentazone. The compounding with sulfonylurea should be applied after testing and compounded with phenoxycarboxylic acid. It will inevitably produce phytotoxicity. It is not recommended to apply rice before 3 leaves, there is unsafe use under low temperature conditions, and there have been reports of phytotoxicity in northeast rice areas. Can not be sprayed with a mist sprayer, this medicinal product has high activity. In recent years, the compounding agent with cyhalofop-butyl ester has shown a good herbicidal effect on the market, which is relatively popular in the market. As the area of ​​the live field increases, the damage of the crabgrass will increase, and the compounding agent may show a certain increase.
(5) Advantages of pyrimidine valerian: high activity, wide herbicidal spectrum and good control effect. It can prevent several kinds of cultivation methods and various annual and perennial grasses, broadleaf grasses and sedges on the rice field, especially for some malignant weeds that are difficult to control, such as rice blast, rice lee, and The sedge, the stalk, the stalk, the wild sage, etc. showed very good control effect, especially when adding the silicone spray auxiliaries, it can obviously improve the efficacy, and it is also the best and the best single agent for the rice field. Variety. The inadequacy is that it can only be applied to the stems and leaves of the weeds. The soil treatment by the toxic soil method is ineffective; the effect is slow, and the effect is gradually improved after 7 days of application; Yellow, but can be restored; to prevent the use of older grass and medicinal herbs, add synergists. This product has good control effect, but it has not been widely promoted, and the application technology is still not perfect. In the future, we must improve the use of medicine technology and exert its better results.
(6) Advantages of quinclorac: It is an excellent agent for controlling valerian. It has been used in domestic rice fields for more than 20 years, with less dosage, long duration of application, wide application period, and older psyllium in 4-7 leaf stage. The control effect is outstanding, and it has certain control effect on some broad-leaved grasses, and can be applied in rice fields of various cultivation methods. A number of different dosage forms have been marketed for the convenience of rice farmers. The shortcomings are long-term single use, and it is suspected to produce serious resistance in rice areas such as Heilongjiang, Guangdong, Hunan, Zhejiang, etc.; excessive use or medication before the 2 leaf stage of rice is easy to produce phytotoxicity;
(7) Advantages of bentazone: It can not only prevent a variety of broad-leaved grasses, but also has good control effect on sedges; it has high safety and can be applied to multiple rice varieties with different cultivation methods in the national rice area. Can be combined with a variety of agents. The shortcoming is that the amount of the drug used is too large, and the cost is slightly higher; when the light is lacking or the temperature is low, the drug is ineffective. It is a traditional old variety of rice field herbicides. It is very popular among rice farmers in Jilin Province. It is expected that the dosage will be stable and there will be no obvious fluctuations.
(8) flufenoxyacetic acid (isooctyl ester) Advantages: good systemic absorption, is the preferred agent for controlling water-removing peanuts, and can prevent a variety of broad-leaved grasses, and can be used in rice fields and rice fields with various cultivation methods. No adverse effects on the next crop. The inadequacy is that it affects the efficacy at low temperature but ultimately does not affect the herbicidal effect; in rice areas where it is difficult to prevent the removal of broadleaf grass, the amount will increase.
(9) oxadiazon has been registered as a herbicide in wheat fields on rice fields. Advantages: contact type, fast killing grass, can prevent a variety of broadleaf weeds. The shortcoming is that the spraying should be uniform and can not be combined with the emulsifiable products; when the temperature exceeds 30 °C, the spraying is prone to phytotoxicity. A few years ago, foreign companies have registered in the rice field and the compound of 2, 4 and 4 chlorine is a very good agent for controlling rice field broadleaf. It is especially suitable for the field of broadleaf grass in the middle and late stages of rice fields. There is a certain amount of rice in the rice area, which is affected by safety risks and weed communities.
(10) 2 methyl 4-chlorosodium chloride is a phenoxycarboxylic acid type, and its raw acid is rarely used in production, but its sodium salt, ammonium salt and dimethylamine salt are widely used. Advantages: fast killing grass, good control effect on a variety of broadleaf grasses, sedges; low cost, high cost performance, can be compounded with a variety of agents. The shortcoming is that the dosage and duration of medication are strict, and there is a certain safety risk to rice. It is an indispensable variety of compounding agents, but it is not a large variety because of its limited dosage. It is safer than 2,4-D in the northern rice area.
(11) Advantages of Xicaojing: It has a wide spectrum of herbicides, can control a variety of broadleaf grasses and some grasses and sedges, and has excellent control effect on the eye vegetables that occur in the middle and late stages of rice fields. The poisonous soil method can effectively prevent Rice paddy. The shortcoming is that the temperature is over 30 °C, the drug is easy to produce phytotoxicity, and the high dose of heavy spray is not safe for rice. This product can be referred to and will not be described.
2 New product preparation
The new products described in this paper include newly-created products that have been first introduced in rice fields in China. They have been developed abroad and registered in domestic rice fields. Domestically created products have recently been expanded to register in rice fields in other crop applications. The number of new product registrations, the extent of application, and whether the spraying technology is mature and perfect, comprehensively determine the level of chemical weeding in paddy fields and the future. In addition to the new products listed in the rice crops, the rice fields are timely acquired relevant information and effectively developed, accurately grasp the performance characteristics of new products, closely related to the actual application of actual production evaluation, and constantly improve the application technology is the key to doing a good job of rice field elimination. The weight.
(1) Flufensulfame Bayer was first planted in China for transplanting paddy fields. The registered trademark was collected and the preparation was 19% suspoemulsion; it was an ALS inhibitor, which was mainly absorbed by roots and could also be absorbed by stems and leaves. According to reports, the drug has three major characteristics: First, the combination of blocking, both stem and leaf activity, conduction up and down. Second, the long-lasting effect period, such as accurate and appropriate use, can last for 40 to 45 days. Third, the application period is flexible, and it can be used 7 days before and after transplanting. Four major benefits: First, it is closed and has no effect on the germination of young shoots and seed weeds. The second is to use wide heart, the south can solve the troubles of weeds at one time; the north can lower the previous base, reduce the risk of weeds, and reduce the artificial and stem and leaf weeding in the later stage. The third is to ensure safe production, high safety, and reduce invisible phytotoxicity to ensure production. The fourth is the flexible combination, which can be combined with the recommended medicines Qiuzhibao, Insida, Nongsi and other broadleaf herbicides to achieve the separation of Wo and broad.
(2) Bicyclosulfone was developed by Japan Shidis Company and belongs to HPPD inhibitor. In 2001, it was first registered in Japan. In China, it was registered as a 25% suspension agent, and in 2016, it was patented. The recommended dosage is 40-60 ml. According to reports, the herbicide spectrum is very wide, Wo, broad, and Sha are killed, which has a better effect on malignant grasses, has strong activity against sulfonylurea weeds, and has a long-lasting effect; it can destroy seed synthesis. Reduce the weed base in the second year. There have been reports in the literature on the effects of field applications in China. The downside is that the dead grass is slower. Various compounding agents have been developed in Japan.
(3) Triazolone is independently developed by Qingdao Qingyuan Agricultural Crown, registered trademark Daoyu. It belongs to HPPD inhibitors and inhibits the formation of carotenoids by inhibiting the photosynthesis of sensitive weeds, eventually leading to weed death. According to reports, the drug can effectively prevent direct grass fields, transplanting fields, major grasses and some annual sedge and broadleaf grass. Five days after the treatment, the leaves of the multi-resistant alfalfa in the 3 to 4 leaf stage showed whitening. After 8 days, the whole plant began to rot. The high-density alfalfa showed white and withered leaves, and the weed control against ALS and ACCase inhibitors was prominent. . The herbicide of this mechanism has not been widely promoted in rice fields, and has no cross-resistance with the current main application varieties, which is beneficial to alleviate and alleviate the resistance of rice field valerian.
(4) Cyclic esters Swiss Syngenta had the first 98% original drug and 24.3% suspending agent in the domestic rice field. The recommended dosage was 50-80 ml. After that, Haizheng Chemical Nantong Co., Ltd. was approved again. Original drug registration. The agent is a pyrimidine salicylic acid, an ALS inhibitor. According to reports, the drug is mainly used in southern transplanted paddy fields to control annual grasses, sedges and some broad-leaved weeds. It is effective for the three-leaf sedge before transplanting, and is safe for rice and later crops. Attention should be paid to the development of resistance, and it is recommended to use herbicide rotation or compounding with other different mechanisms of action.
(5) Cyclopentyl ketone was first discovered by the Institute of Central Chemistry of Japan, and is a novel oxazolinedione protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor. Jiangsu Zhongdan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. has obtained the only original drug registration for export in China, which expired on August 30, 2014. Now Japan Research and Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has registered the original drug in China and first registered 80% suspending agent. The recommended dosage is 14.4-25.2 ml. The bottle is used to control the transplanting paddy field, annual yarrow and various broadleaf weeds, which can be moved in rice. Apply before planting and after transplanting. According to reports, the drug is very safe for rice and has a long-lasting effect. The drug entered the top 9 of the world's paddy field herbicides in 2009 and has not entered the top 10 since then.
(6) The oxazolidine was first discovered by Herschel Schering, and several foreign companies participated in the research and development of the compounding agent, which is a bipyridazole protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor. In the country, Hubei Xianghe Precision Chemical Co., Ltd. first boarded 97% of the original drug and 2% granules, and used the active ingredient of 10.8 to 14.4 grams per mu to carry out the application in the transplanting field. According to reports, it has good control effect against valerian and sedge family, broad-leaved weeds, such as firefly, cow felt, rain long flower, strange food, wild sage, etc., and against sulfonylureas. Weeds also have good control and fast killing. It has been reported in the literature that a number of 21 products have been developed abroad. It was listed in Japan in 2009, and ranked 6th in the world for rice field herbicides in 2014. It is considered to be a promising variety. It has been predicted that it may become a mainstream species of domestic rice field herbicides.
(7) chlorofluoropyridyl ester Dow AgroScience Co., Ltd. is a hormonal herbicide. It has obtained the registration of the original drug and 30% emulsifiable concentrate in China. The recommended active ingredient is 1~2 grams per mu for live broadcast and transplanting. Field stem and leaf spray; can effectively prevent a variety of weeds in rice fields, is a reliable broad-leaf herbicide, broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, and is not affected by the weather.
(8) Developed by companies such as oxazinone Aventis, foreign companies first registered 1% of suspending agent in China, and the patent period has passed. Shandong Xianda Company has obtained domestic registration, and the market has 1% and 30% suspension agent. It is a systemic herbicide that inhibits the growth of sensitive weed meristematic cells in a different way than other herbicides. According to reports, for rice safety, it can be used for nursery, live field, and transplanted soil treatment; it has very good control effect on alfalfa and has a long-lasting effect. It has good control effect on Qianjin and can prevent some sedge, Broadleaf grass. The soil of this medicament has strong adsorption, and it is also effective in preventing rainy rice fields after leaking paddy fields and medicines. According to the literature, it can be mixed with bensulfuron-methyl and pyrazosulfuron-methyl; in use, it should be noted that the nursery field and the live field should be used 1 day before sowing or 5 days after sowing. When 1% suspending agent is applied, the liquid should be firstly applied. Shake well and apply force.
(9) Pyrazinsulfuron-methyl Nissan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. has obtained a temporary registration of 91% of the original drug and 33% of the water-dispersible granule in China. It is recommended that the dosage of the preparation is 14-25 g per mu, which is used to transplant rice fields to control the annual weeds by toxic soil method. The safety of rice needs to be further clarified. The variety was listed late and there were few related reports.
(10) Promethazine was developed by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and registered trademark in China. The market has 9.5% suspending agent, and the recommended dosage is 35-45 ml. It is used for direct seeding of rice, mainly root absorption, supplemented by stem and leaf absorption. According to reports, the drug is easy to use, can be used in toxic soil or spray method, can be applied in water or water, but diffused under water conditions. It has a wide range of herbicides and can control a variety of weeds in grasses, broadleaves and sedges, especially for live stalks, which is superior to some commonly used agents. Invalid for thousands of gold.
(11) The development of pyrimidine sulfonate Italian Italian SEG company, in 2011, obtained 50% water dispersible granule registration in China, the registered trademark is OK, the recommended dosage is 8-10g, which can be sprayed or toxic soil method. Early treatment of soil or weed stems and leaves, control a variety of weeds of grasses, broadleaf and sedges in transplanting fields; good control effect on water cotton, effective in 7 hours after administration; in Manjianghong, duckweed It is very effective to control the weeds before or during the occurrence of weeds such as Zhiping. According to reports, although this product is classified as a sulfonylurea, its structure is special, and it is different from the general sulfonylureas. It can replace the application of pyrazosulfuron-methyl and bensulfuron-methyl for more than 20 years. It has a good effect in alleviating the resistance of this type of weeds. The product has high activity, and the dosage should be strictly controlled. The upper limit of the drug should not be exceeded. In the south, there is some inhibition and chlorosis on rice, but it resumes growth after two weeks.
(12) Chlorpyrazinone In recent years, Jiangsu Hormone Research Institute has been the first to register in tomato fields for soil treatment, and some enterprises have successively registered in corn fields, sugar cane fields and wheat fields. Recently, there are also application examples in rice fields. The application in dryland crops has shown that it has the outstanding advantage of completely preventing sedge weeds, which can penetrate the underground to kill the weed bulbs and prevent a variety of broadleaf weeds. A variety of sedges occur in rice fields, and whether the agent can play a prominent role like a dry field crop, and is not affected by the environmental conditions of the paddy field, depending on the actual application effect.
(13) Mesotrione Synthetic Company has widely used this variety for weeding in corn fields, and is the first to register 5% mesotrione-propionamide (0.6:4.4) compound granules in rice fields. The registered trademark is Da will special, recommended to use 50 to 55 grams of active ingredients per mu. It is used in rice transplanting fields for soil treatment. It can be used to control weeds, broadleaf grasses and sedge weeds by using toxic soil, poisonous fertilizer or spreading alone. According to reports, it is a small application of HPPD inhibitors in rice fields, which can effectively alleviate and delay the resistance of rice weeds; the herbicidal spectrum is broad, the effect period is long, the control effect is good; the dosage form is advanced, and it can be used with rice fields. Mixed application, reducing farmers' operations, saving time, effort and money. Students test the experimental results have been reported, norms applied at the recommended dosage, safe to rice, barnyardgrass, long rain flowers, wild arrowhead, wolf Pakistan grass, bulrush of controlling more than 90%, higher than two kinds The usual amount of a single dose. However, there are certain deficiencies. First, we should remind you that it should be mixed with soil or fertilizer and applied evenly when applied. It is only recommended to be applied in transplanted glutinous rice fields. It is strictly prohibited to apply on japonica rice or related varieties. Long-flavor varieties are prohibited. Extreme weather with a high temperature continuously exceeding 35 °C cannot be applied; it is not suitable for spray treatment. The author and other experiments have shown that spraying the aqueous solution of the mesotrione formulation on the rice leaf surface will inevitably cause phytotoxicity and cannot be applied. At present, this product has been widely used in the northeast japonica rice area and has not been promoted in the southern japonica rice area. According to incomplete statistics, there are 18 different formulations of mesotrione single agent and compounding agent applied for rice field herbicide registration test. This rapid follow-up phenomenon is mixed. The author believes that the relevant registered enterprises can not save their own field test, and do not have to rush, and then apply the promotion after the product is mature, so as to avoid trouble caused by bad drug effects or phytotoxicity.
In addition, there are no registrations in China, but chlorofluorosulfonamide has not been registered in China, but it has already received attention. Some colleges and universities have begun bioassay and testing work. In the wheat field, weeding has not been patented. Application tests were conducted in paddy fields. In addition, some special product formulas have been applied in certain ecological environments in some areas, and have obtained compliance registration, such as 27% Pi·Pu·West WP registered by Liaoning Dandong Tianxiang Company, and registered by Harbin Fuli Company. Puff·West WP. A certain fertilizer herbicide has also been used in rice fields.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
Ultra Plantâ„¢ Grow Light offers One Chip Technology aimed to meet your indoor growing expectation such as improve plants' quality, increase yield, or better the margin, etc., all for helping you realize a higher return on your crops.
Ultra Plantâ„¢ Grow Light is combined our advanced All-In-One technology with patented optical design and customized light full spectrum supported from our experienced LED engineers, plant specialists and other partners working on horticulture.
From Ultra Plantâ„¢ APP, you are able to schedule the growing process including photoperiod, brightness and spectral in advance. The lighting system will help you grow smarter, easier and better.
Ultra Plantâ„¢ is the most versatile horticultural grow lighting fixture for indoor plants with flexible full spectrum, brightness control and uniform, wider light distribution, suitable for top lighting of all types of crops. No matter it applies to anywhere for any crop, Ultra Plantâ„¢ can do perfect work for you.
Commercial Grow Light,Commercial Led Grow Lights,Commercial Greenhouse Led Grow Lights,Best Commercial Led Grow Lights
Feton Corporation , https://www.fetonledlight.com