At the beginning of 2010, when Director Zhou Ping of the Advanced Manufacturing and Automation Division of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Science and Technology first explained his judgment on the future development trend of the manufacturing industry through the term “cloud manufacturingâ€, I am afraid that this statement is becoming A topic that has attracted more and more attention and has a lot of controversy. Even in the interview, some interviewees believe that this statement is somewhat suspected of speculation. After all, it has quite a close relationship with the unprecedented “cloud computing†concept in the industry.
However, this is obviously not the original intention of Zhou Ping as the initiator of the concept of cloud manufacturing. In his interview with this magazine, he expressed his basic starting point of proposing the concept of cloud manufacturing: "I hope that you should not over-hyped the cloud manufacturing, do not make the cloud manufacturing metaphysical, understand as The unfathomable concept, in fact, cloud manufacturing is borrowing the image of 'cloud'. It is a very simple concept, not an avant-garde noun. Its core is how to revitalize the stock of manufacturing resources."
It is probably the most attractive place for cloud manufacturing to revitalize the stock of manufacturing resources, improve resource utilization, reduce the overall resource use cost of society, develop a low-carbon economy, and take the road of green manufacturing. However, even the cloud computing applications are still difficult to fully roll out, and the relative use of computing resources, the lack of liquidity and the ever-changing processing technology of the ever-changing manufacturing resources, is a little "Utopia". It is no wonder that even in the case of Shenyang Machine Tool Group, in the imagination, it may be the backbone of the future cloud manufacturing promotion and application. In the interview, they all bluntly said: "I don't understand the word." (Chairman of Shenyang Machine Tool Group) Guan Xiyou Yan)
Obviously, the landing of cloud manufacturing has become the focus of controversy.
Source sub-cloud computing, beyond cloud computing.
"Do not ask for everything, but seek to use it." This is Zhou Ping's summary of the core connotation of cloud manufacturing, and this is precisely the basic idea of ​​cloud computing. The only difference is that the "used" or "all" objects are different. Cloud computing is for computing resources, while cloud manufacturing is for manufacturing resources. Therefore, Zhou Ping has repeatedly stressed that cloud manufacturing is not a new term that comes out of thin air, but is developed on the basis of the concept of “manufacturing as a service†that has been emphasized all the time, drawing on the idea of ​​cloud computing.
It may be understood that cloud manufacturing is a manifestation of the concept of “manufacturing as a serviceâ€. This point is clearly expressed in the definition of cloud manufacturing concept by Yang Haicheng, chief engineer of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. He pointed out: "Cloud manufacturing is a cross-integration product of advanced information technology, manufacturing technology and emerging Internet of Things technologies. It is the embodiment of the concept of manufacturing and service." The so-called advanced information technology is mainly cloud computing technology. He believes that cloud manufacturing is hoping to adopt the cutting-edge concept of contemporary information technology including cloud computing, and expand the concept of "software printing service" to "manufacturing as a service" to support China's manufacturing industry in the context of extensive network resources. Provide high value-added, low cost and globally manufactured services.
Ideally, cloud manufacturing will enable the integration of resources related to product development, production, sales, and use throughout the lifecycle, providing a standard, standardized, and shareable manufacturing service manufacturing model. This manufacturing model can be used by manufacturing users. Water, electricity, gas. Use a variety of manufacturing services as easily. Yang Haicheng believes: "How to effectively integrate these manufacturing resources through public service platforms and networks is a very meaningful topic."
Just as Yang Haicheng believes that there is still a lot of research work to be done on how to pool manufacturing resources. Wang Tianmiao, the group leader of the advanced manufacturing technology field of the National “863 Programâ€, also believes that this is not an easy task. In his view, relatively speaking, cloud computing is a much simpler way of bringing together computing resources and providing social services on this basis. Therefore, he believes that although cloud manufacturing draws on many ideas of cloud computing, it has also made many expansions and extensions based on it. Its resources are not only computing resources, but also a wide range of manufacturing resources. Among them, there are computing resources, equipment resources, logistics resources, human resources and other aspects, the integration is much more difficult.
Wang Tianmiao said that one of the differences between the essence of cloud manufacturing and cloud computing is that because of the poor liquidity of manufacturing resources, third-party logistics distribution needs to be involved in the application of cloud manufacturing. Obviously, logistics costs will increase the overall cost of cloud manufacturing applications. Therefore, the promotion of cloud manufacturing must be supported by low-cost and good logistics.
Huang Jianwen, chief engineer of Ningxia Little Giant Machine Tool Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Little Giant Company), is also very appreciative of the vision of cloud manufacturing. He also pointed out: "Cloud manufacturing is developed from cloud computing. This formulation is very good and can effectively use social resources." Specifically, Huang Jianwen said that many companies have purchased expensive manufacturing equipment, but the utilization rate is not High, causing a certain amount of waste. If the services provided to other manufacturing companies through cloud manufacturing will effectively revitalize these resources, enterprises can also improve economic efficiency.
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