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NEDO and NIMS announced on March 28, 2016 that the energy efficiency of standard area (1cm2) perovskite solar cells developed exceeded 18 %. Perovskite solar cells are made of inexpensive materials and can be mass-produced using a simple coating method, which can significantly reduce manufacturing costs.
In this study, the two agencies optimized the mixing ratio of the two cations in the perovskite material in order to increase the solar energy absorption efficiency. And by replacing part of the iodine with bromine, large grains with less perovskite defects are obtained. Therefore, electrons and holes generated by light can be efficiently removed, and the short-circuit current density can be increased to 21 mA/cm2 or more.
Moreover, by optimizing the perovskite layer, electron transport layer, electron extraction layer and other materials and film thickness, the resistance of the solar cell is reduced, and the fill factor of the solar cell is successfully improved by about 20%. Using these results to produce a 1cm square solar cell and test it, the results show that the conversion efficiency reached 18.2%.
In the future, the two organizations will strive to achieve a conversion efficiency of 20% in 2016 by combining high-performance materials and optimizing the thickness of each layer. We will also cooperate with private companies and actively promote practical research, so that the cost of power generation can reach 7 yen/kWh, which is equivalent to traditional thermal power generation, and contribute to the further popularization of solar cells. (Special Contributor: Kudosuke)
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