General: Fire Safety Technology (6) Fire Facility Installation, Testing and Maintenance Management

Chapter One    Fire Control Facilities Quality Control, Maintenance and Fire Control Room Management

The first section   Fire facilities installation and testing

First, construction quality control requirements

In order to ensure the quality of construction and installation of fire-fighting facilities, installation and adjustment of fire-fighting facilities and technical inspections shall be undertaken by construction units and fire-fighting technical service organizations with corresponding qualifications. The construction unit prepares the construction plan according to the firefighting design documents to guide the construction and installation and control the construction quality.

(I) Preparation before construction

Before the construction of fire protection facilities, certain technical and material conditions must be met to ensure construction requirements and ensure construction quality. Before the construction of fire protection facilities, the following basic conditions must be met:

1. The approved fire design documents and other technical data are complete.

2. The design unit shall make technical disclosures to the construction, construction and supervision units and clarify the corresponding technical requirements.

3. The equipment, components and materials of various types of fire-fighting facilities are complete. The specifications and models meet the design requirements and can guarantee normal construction.

4. After inspection, the foundations, embedded parts and reserved voids related to professional construction meet the design requirements.

5. The water, electricity and gas used in the construction site and construction can meet the requirements for continuous construction.

The firefighting design documents include drawings and design instructions for the design and construction of firefighting facilities (plans, system drawings, construction details, equipment tables, material tables, etc.); other technical materials include firefighting facility product schedules, installation and use instructions for major components, and construction. The technical requirements, equipment, components, and materials of various types of fire-fighting facilities comply with the valid certification documents for the market access system and the product-manufacturing certificates, project quality management, and inspection systems.

(B) Construction process quality control

1. Perform on-site inspections of equipment, components, and materials of various types of fire-fighting facilities that are on the spot and pass the inspection before they can be used for construction.

2. The quality control of each process shall be carried out in accordance with the technical standards for construction. After each process is completed, the inspection shall be carried out. After passing inspection, it may enter the next process.

3. When the related professional work types are handed over to each other, they are to be examined and approved. After the visa of the supervision engineer, the next process can be carried out.

4. After the installation of fire-fighting facilities is completed, the construction unit will carry out commissioning in accordance with the relevant professional commissioning regulations.

5. After the completion of the commissioning, the construction unit shall provide the construction unit with quality control data and the quality inspection records for all types of fire protection installations.

6. The supervision engineer organizes the construction unit personnel to carry out quality inspection on the construction process of the fire protection facilities; the construction process quality inspection records shall be filled out in accordance with the requirements of the construction and acceptance specifications of each fire protection facility.

7. The quality control materials for the construction process shall be completed and arranged in accordance with the requirements of the relevant fire protection facilities construction and acceptance specifications.

(three) construction and installation quality problems

After on-site firefighting inspection, technical inspection, completion acceptance, equipment, components, and materials of fire-fighting facilities have product quality problems or construction and installation quality problems, and fail to meet the technical standards for fire engineering construction in the relevant countries, they shall be dealt with in accordance with the following requirements:

1. Replace equipment, components, and materials of the relevant firefighting facilities, perform construction rework, reorganize product on-site inspections, technical inspections, or completion acceptance.

2. If the repair process can meet relevant standards and requirements, the site inspection, technical inspection or completion acceptance shall be reorganized in accordance with the approved treatment technology plan and agreement documents.

3. For repairing or replacing equipment, components, and materials of related fire-fighting facilities, after on-site inspection, technical inspection, and completion acceptance are reorganized, they still do not meet the requirements, and it is determined that the on-site inspection, technical inspection, and completion acceptance are unqualified.

4. The equipment, components and materials of fire-fighting facilities that have not passed the on-site inspection shall not be used for construction and installation; if the fire-fighting facilities are not qualified for completion acceptance, their construction projects may not be put into use.

Third, construction and installation

(I) Construction and installation basis

The construction and installation of firefighting facilities shall be based on the firefighting design documents approved or filed by the statutory agency and the technical standards for national engineering construction firefighting; the firefighting design documents approved or filed shall not be changed without authorization, and if it is really necessary to change, the original design unit shall modify it and submit the report. The approval of the original approval agency can be used for construction and installation.

In addition to the above-mentioned fire facility design documents, the design files for fire-fighting power supply and automatic fire alarm systems also need technical documents such as system wiring diagrams and logical descriptions of fire-fighting equipment linkages.

(II) Construction and Installation Requirements

During the construction and installation of firefighting facilities, the construction site shall be equipped with appropriate construction technical standards, process regulations and implementation plans, and establish and improve the quality management system and construction quality control and inspection system.

The construction company will do a good job in the construction (including concealed project acceptance), inspection (including insulation resistance, grounding resistance), commissioning, design changes, and other relevant records; after the completion of the construction, the construction unit will conduct a comprehensive inspection of the construction quality of the fire protection installations, in the construction site quality After all inspections including management inspections, construction process inspections, concealed project acceptances, and data verifications are completed, completion plans and completion reports will be completed.

(III) Commissioning requirements

After the construction of various types of firefighting facilities is completed, the construction unit or other units commissioned by it with the ability to debug shall organize the implementation of the debugging of the firefighting facilities. The commissioning work shall include the single machine equipment and component debugging and system linkage debugging of various firefighting facilities. Debugging of fire protection facilities requires the following conditions:

1. The system power supply is normal, and the electrical equipment (mainly automatic fire alarm system) has the conditions for debugging and system linkage.

2. The water source, power source and fire extinguishing agent storage meet the design requirements and system commissioning requirements. All types of pipe networks, pipelines, valves, etc., are sealed tightly with no leakage.

3. The performance of the test instruments and meters used for debugging is stable and reliable. The precision grade and its minimum division value can meet the requirements of commissioning and measurement, and comply with the relevant regulations of the country as well as regulations on measurement and verification procedures.

4. Conduct power test on the automatic fire alarm system and its components and other electrical equipment to ensure that they work properly.

The person in charge of the commissioning of the fire protection facilities is served by professional and technical personnel. Before commissioning, the commissioning unit prepares the corresponding commissioning plan according to the debugging requirements of each fire protection facility, determines the debugging program, and carries out debugging work according to the procedure; after the completion of debugging, the debugging unit provides complete debugging data and commissioning report.

After the fire protection facilities are qualified for commissioning, fill out the inspection records of the construction process and restore the fire protection facilities to normal working conditions.

Fourth, technical inspection and acceptance

(I) Technical Inspection

Fire-fighting facility inspection is the collective name for technical services such as inspection and testing of fire-fighting facilities. The term "technical inspection" here refers to the inspection and testing of the construction quality of fire protection facilities commissioned by a firefighting technology inspection service organization with a corresponding qualification level after the completion of the construction of fire fighting facilities.

1. Test preparation

Prior to the technical inspection of fire-fighting facilities, the testing organization shall inspect all types of fire-fighting facilities and their detection instruments according to the following requirements:

( 1 ) Check the relevant technical documents for the equipment and components of various types of firefighting facilities. The equipment and components of various types of fire protection facilities are in accordance with the design and type selection, with the factory-qualified certification documents, fire-fighting products with certification documents that meet statutory market access regulations, and various types of fire-fighting agents within the validity period of product quality certification documents.

( 2 ) Examine the appearance signs of various types of firefighting equipment and their components. The permanent nameplates of the equipment and components of various types of fire-fighting facilities and the signs set in accordance with the regulations shall have complete text and data, clear symbols, and correct color marks.

( 3 ) Examining the appearance of equipment and its components, materials (pipes, fittings, hangers, trunkings, wires, cables, etc.) of various types of fire-fighting facilities, as well as the insulation resistance values ​​of conductors, cables, and system grounding resistance, etc. recording. The appearance of the equipment, components, and materials of all types of fire-fighting facilities is intact and free of corrosion, and there is no leakage of equipment and pipes. The connection, insulation performance, and grounding resistance of wires and cables meet the design requirements.

( 4 ) Inspection inspection instruments, meters, gauges, etc., for the verification of measurement certificates and their expiration dates. Testing instruments, meters, gages, etc. shall be qualified for metrological verification in accordance with the relevant national regulations, and shall be within the valid period of verification.

(B) Completion and acceptance

After the completion of the construction of the firefighting facilities, the construction unit organizes the design, construction, supervision and other units to complete the acceptance of construction projects including firefighting facilities. Fire facilities inspection data into the final acceptance, quality of construction quality on-site inspection and acceptance determination and so on three aspects, fire protection facilities completion and acceptance process, according to the construction of various types of fire-fighting facilities and requires acceptance of final acceptance record form to fill in.

1. Check the information

Before the acceptance of the fire protection facilities is completed, the construction unit shall submit the following completion acceptance data for the inspection unit to conduct data inspection:

( 1 ) Application report for completion acceptance.

( 2 ) Construction drawing design documents (including design drawings and design specifications, etc.), installation instructions for various types of fire-fighting facilities and their components, fire protection design approval opinions, design change notices, and as-built drawings.

( 3 ) The main equipment, components, and materials are in compliance with the market access system's effective certification documents, factory quality certification documents, and on-site inspection (inspection) reports.

( 4 ) Construction site quality management inspection record, construction process quality management inspection record and project quality accident treatment report.

( 5 ) Record inspection and acceptance records of concealed projects, as well as the strength and rigority test records of the valves and other components of the fire extinguishing system, pipeline pressure test and flushing records.

2. On-site inspection

The main contents of the on-site inspection include installation locations (protected areas) of various types of fire-fighting facilities, their locations, equipment room settings, inspections, construction quality inspections, and functional tests. Specifically include:

( 1 ) Check the locations (protected areas) and installation locations of various types of fire protection facilities.

( 2 ) Check the appearance quality of various firefighting facilities.

( 3 ) Measurable indicators such as distance, width, length, area, and thickness are measured on site through professional instruments and equipment.

( 4 ) Test the functions of various firefighting facilities.

( 5 ) Check and test other items involving the requirements of the fire protection facilities.

When there is a non-conformity item in each inspection item, the equipment, its components, and materials (pipes, pipe fittings, hangers, trunkings, wires, cables, etc.) shall be retested after being repaired or replaced. When retesting, if there are sampling requirements, double sampling inspection.

3. Quality acceptance judgment

After the on-site inspection of the firefighting facilities is completed, according to the types of defects in construction quality determined by the construction and acceptance specifications of various facilities, the following conclusions shall be made on the construction quality of various types of firefighting facilities:

( 1 ) Construction quality defects such as fire water supply and fire hydrant systems, automatic sprinkler systems, smoke and smoke exhaust systems, and fire automatic alarm systems are classified into serious defects ( A ), heavy defects ( B ), and light defects ( C ).

1 The defects of construction quality of automatic sprinkler systems and smoke and smoke extraction systems, when A = 0 , and B ≤ 2 and B + C ≤ 6 , the acceptance of completion is judged to be qualified; otherwise, the acceptance of completion is judged as unqualified .

2 The defects of the construction quality of the fire water supply and fire hydrant system. When A = 0 , and B ≤ 10% of the check items , and B + C ≤ 20% , the completion acceptance is judged as qualified; otherwise, the completion acceptance is judged as unqualified.

3 The defect of construction quality of automatic fire alarm system. When A=0 , B ≤ 2 , and B+C ≤ 5% of the check item , the completion acceptance judgment is qualified; otherwise, the completion acceptance judgment is unqualified.

( 2 ) The foam fire extinguishing system shall be checked and accepted in accordance with the provisions of the “ Code for the Construction and Acceptance of Foam Fire Extinguishing System” GB50281 . When the function acceptance fails, the system acceptance shall be judged as unqualified.

(3) gas fire extinguishing system in accordance with the content of final acceptance "gas fire extinguishing system construction and acceptance" GB50263 when there is an acceptance of the project which is unacceptable, the system determined that the acceptance of failure.

Section II   Fire Facility Maintenance Management

I. Contents of Firefighting Facilities Maintenance and Management

The maintenance and management of firefighting facilities shall be managed by the property's property unit or the building property management unit entrusted by it (hereinafter referred to as the "construction use management unit") according to law or entrusted with a fire-fighting technical service organization with corresponding qualifications to carry out the management. Fire-fighting facilities maintenance and management includes work on duty, inspections, inspections, repairs, maintenance and documentation.

Second, the firefighting facilities maintenance management requirements

To ensure the normal operation of building firefighting facilities, construction management units need to clearly manage the management and management of their firefighting facilities, management personnel, and their work responsibilities, and establish management systems such as on-duty, inspection, inspection, maintenance, maintenance and documentation of firefighting facilities. .

(I) Maintenance management personnel qualification requirements

(B) Maintenance and Management Equipment Requirements

(III) Maintenance and Management Requirements

The construction use management unit organizes and implements the firefighting facilities maintenance management according to the following requirements:

1. Clear management responsibilities.

2. Formulate fire station maintenance management system and maintenance management technical regulations

3. Implement management responsibility

4. Implementation of fire management facility identification management

5. Fault elimination and repair

6. Establish and improve the construction fire protection facility maintenance management files

7. Remote monitoring and management

Third, maintenance and management of all aspects of the work requirements

(a) on duty

The building management unit establishes a duty shift system based on the characteristics of the work, production, and operation of the building or unit. In the fire control room, power distribution room with fire protection distribution function, fire pump room, smoke control room and other important equipment rooms, reasonable arrangements for qualified professionals in the practice of the fire protection facilities on duty, monitoring, responsible for the operation of fire fighting facilities Control to ensure timely and accurate operation of building firefighting facilities in accordance with operating technical regulations in case of fire.

When the unit formulates fire prevention and emergency evacuation plans and organizes drills for the plan, the operation contents of the fire protection facilities shall be incorporated into them, and the problems found during the operation shall be promptly corrected and dealt with.

(b) Inspection

1. Inspection requirements

The construction management and use unit organizes inspections in accordance with the following requirements:

( 1 ) Explicit inspection frequency, content and location of various types of fire protection facilities.

( 2 ) Accurately fill out the “Architectural Firefighting Facilities Inspection Record Form” during the inspection.

( 3 ) If the inspection fails or there is a problem, the failure shall be dealt with in accordance with the prescribed procedures to eliminate the existing problems.

2. Inspection frequency

The building management unit organizes inspections according to the following frequencies:

(1) during a public entertainment business, organization once every 2h comprehensive inspections. During the period, part or all of the firefighting facilities inspections were included in the comprehensive inspections, and it was ensured that at least all the building firefighting facilities were inspected once a day.

(2) fire safety key units of fire-fighting facilities at least daily inspections once.

(3) other social units for fire protection inspections at least once a week.

( 4 ) Where large-scale mass activities with fire hazards are organized, the undertaker shall determine the frequency of inspections according to the actual needs of the event site.

(c) Detection

1. Detection frequency

Fire detection facilities at least once a year. For major festivals or major events, fire-fighting facility inspections are arranged according to the requirements of the event.

Key fire safety units such as hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, places of public entertainment such as people-intensive places, inflammable and explosive units, and other high-rise public buildings with automatic fire-fighting facilities will be established at the end of each year after the fire-fighting facilities are put into operation. Test records were reported to the local public security agency fire control agency for record.

(6) File Establishment and Management

2. Shelf life

Raw technical data such as construction and installation of fire-fighting facilities, completion acceptance, and inspection and acceptance technologies shall be kept for a long time. The archiving time of the “Fire Control Room Duty Record Form” and “Architectural Fire Fighting Facility Inspection Record Form” shall be no less than 1 year; “Building Fire Fighting Facilities Inspection Record Tables, "Failure Maintenance Record Form for Building Fire Fighting Facilities," "Maintenance Schedule for Building Fire Fighting Facilities," and "Table for Maintenance and Maintenance of Building Fire Fighting Facilities" shall not be less than 5 years old.

Section III   Fire Control Room Management

First, the fire control room equipment configuration

In order to ensure that the fire control room achieves the fire safety objectives of accepting fire alarms, handling fire information, commanding fire suppression, and guiding the safety evacuation of personnel, the monitoring equipment provided by the fire control room must be able to accurately and standardly implement various functions such as fire monitoring and management.

The fire control room shall at least be equipped with fire alarm controllers, fire linkage controllers, fire control room graphic display devices, fire control telephone exchanges, fire emergency broadcast control devices, fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system control devices, and fire power monitor devices. Or set up a combined device with the corresponding function.

Second, the fire control equipment monitoring requirements

3. Large buildings according to their different functional requirements of the building, fire danger and fire safety features of monitoring needs, and set up two more two fire control room, and to identify the main fire control room, fire control points to achieve decentralized Combined with the centralized fire safety monitoring mode.

4. The fire control equipment of the main fire control room can control the common fire fighting equipment in the system, display its status information, and can display the status information of the fire protection equipment in each sub-fire control room, with the fire control equipment in the sub-fire control room and its control. Fire control system and equipment control functions.

5. The fire fighting equipment in each sub-fire control room can transmit and display status information to each other and cannot control each other's fire fighting equipment.

Third, the establishment of fire control room accounting files

The fire control room contains at least the following paper accounting files and electronic data:

1. General plan layout after the completion of construction (buildings), fire protection facilities, floor plans and system plans, safety exit layouts, and key locations.

2. Fire safety management rules and regulations, emergency fire prevention plans, and emergency evacuation plans.

3. The fire safety organization chart includes fire safety personnel, managers, full-time and compulsory firefighters.

4. Fire safety training records, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan drill records.

5. Duty status, fire safety inspections and inspections and other records.

6. The list of firefighting facilities includes the type, quantity, status, etc. of the firefighting facilities.

7. Fire control system control logic relations, equipment instructions, system operation procedures, systems and equipment maintenance and technical regulations and so on.

8. Equipment operating conditions, access to alarm records, fire handling, equipment maintenance inspection reports and other information.

The above ledgers and materials are regularly archived and stored in accordance with the requirements for the establishment and management of archives in section II of this chapter.

Fourth, the fire control room management requirements

Standardized and unified fire control room management and fire protection facility operation monitoring are the fundamental guarantees for timely detection of fires, confirmation of fires, accurate warnings and initiation of emergency plans during construction fires, effective organization of initial fire suppression, and guidance for safe evacuation of personnel.

(II) Emergency disposal procedures in fire control room

When a fire occurs, the on-duty personnel in the fire control room dispose of the fire in accordance with the following emergency procedures:

1. After receiving the fire alarm, the duty officer immediately confirms the fire in the fastest way.

2. After the fire is confirmed, the on-duty personnel immediately confirms that the fire alarm linkage control switch is in the automatic control state and dials the “ 119 ” alarm call at the same time ; the alarm needs to specify the location of the fire unit, the location of the fire, the type of the fire, the size of the fire, and the alarming person. Name and contact number, etc.

3. On- duty personnel immediately started the unit's emergency evacuation and initial fire extinguishing plans, and reported on the unit's fire safety controller.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.